Entrpreneurs Who are Born or Made - 1049 Words

Introduction Entrepreneurs are born. This statement by Professor James V. Koch from Old Dominion University, Virginia, USA reflects that entrepreneurs have entrepreneurship skills that are part of a person’s innate traits one must be born with (Kuratko 2014). Entrepreneur who is born is the entrepreneur that has a family business. The entrepreneur inherits their parent’s business. Inheritance can make a person to be an entrepreneur. Matter of fact, heredity affects personality and behavior (Daley 2013). Entrepreneurs are risk takers, a personality that not all people have. People’s personalities, which are caused by heredity factor, are different to each other. For this reason, there are people who involve in business and†¦show more content†¦Ivanka is determined to be in the real estate industry, not because her father asked her to do so. Matter of fact, Donald allows his daughter to pursue anything in her career prospect. Once, prior to her graduation, Anna Wintour, the editor of Vogue called her to offer a job. She declined. She was a model; involve herself in the modelling industry, but that is not her passion. Her passion is the real estate industry, not fashion industry. Heredity should play some part in shaping her real estate passion. After gaining experiences by working at Forest City Ratner, a real estate development company, Ivanka returned to Trump Organization. Of course, she develop s many of Trump’s real estate projects. However, the milestone of her life of being an entrepreneur starts when she ventures in the jewellery industry. She created a jewellery line, ‘Ivanka Trump’. 2.0 Entrepreneurs are Made Professor Julian Lange believes that entrepreneurs are made. His statement proves to be true. Entrepreneurship education can produce entrepreneurs. Their parents may not be an entrepreneur, but they can be one, with initiative and confidence. Howard Schultz is a CEO of Starbucks Coffee Company. He is the one who grows Starbucks, from only 4 stores in 1982 into 16 000 stores in 2011, in 54 countries worldwide (Schultz Gordon 2011). He is the one who globalizes the Starbucks brand; even awarded among 100 most influential people in the world by Time magazine. But Starbucks is not

Why China Slows Down Its Economy Essay - 1988 Words

Nowadays, the outlook of the global economy is clearly not optimistic, and there are so many severe issues have been plaguing the world economy in recent years. Such as potential asset bubbles, higher financial market volatility, weaker global demand, and deteriorating monetary and credit crisis, and falling of oil prices, and so on a series of troubles around the world. (World Economic Situation and Prospects 2016 2016)Once when we discuss and analyse those economic problems, it is inevitable to associate with China’s slowdown. Indeed, since China entered WTO, China takes advantages of large population to develop the labour intensive industries like manufacturing to expand the relationship with the world by frequently international trade, as greater interaction and stronger cooperation between China and the world, Chinese economy is merged to the world economy and become an integral part of the global economy. Therefore, the Chinese slowdown is bound to affect the growth of w orld economy. So the question arises, why China slows down its economy? If exploring further to figure out why, one factor which cannot be ignored is the declining export. (China’s Export Decline Accelerates 2016) Thus, the study I concentrate on is to investigate the reasons of declining export in Chinese international trade. Objectives My proposal has two main components: 1 To identify the slowing of export growth and the share of GDP to export is decreasing in China. 2 To analyze and examine theShow MoreRelatedWhy China Slows Down Its Economy Essay1354 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Nowadays, the outlook of the global economy is clearly not optimistic, and there are so many severe issues have been plaguing the world economy in recent years. Such as potential asset bubbles, higher financial market volatility, weaker global demand, and deteriorating monetary and credit crisis, and falling of oil prices, and so on a series of troubles around the world. (World Economic Situation and Prospects 2016 2016)Once when we discuss and analyse those economic problems, it isRead MoreEssay on The Fall of The Orient1033 Words   |  5 PagesFinance at Yale School of Management, had once addressed two pivotal questions to the world: â€Å"Why has China’s economy grown at such a fast rate during the last 30 years, and is this growth rate sustainable?† Over the past decades, China’s uprising as a huge economy power was undeniably prominent, first in Asia and then to the eyes of the world. The most popular answer as the world knows it is because China has â₠¬Å"vast and cheap labors†, but that is not necessarily true. The idea of China’s developmentRead MoreThe Problem, Unemployment, And Social Issues938 Words   |  4 PagesIn contemporary China, the flourish economy is of great benefits to many industries such as agriculture, urban housing, taxation and medical care, GDP have a buoyant trend at 7.5%, which causes a spurious fact that too many job opportunities can be created by the enhancement of living standard. However, the statistics from World Bank shows that the GDP of China have a slow upward on economy growth in the past decades, which from 11.4% to 7.4%, the year between 2007 and 2008 dramatically in particularRead MoreThe Problem, Unemployment, Occurred Of China And Its Effect On Economy941 Words   |  4 Pages Introduction: In contemporary China, the flourish economy is of great benefits to many industries such as agriculture, urban housing, taxation and medical care, GDP have a buoyant trend at 7.5%, which causes a spurious fact that too many job opportunities can be created by the enhancement of living standard. However, the statistics from World Bank shows that the GDP of China have a slow upward on economy growth in the past decades, which from 11.4% to 7.4%, the year between 2007 and 2008 dramaticallyRead MoreEssay On Chinas One Child Policy1075 Words   |  5 PagesHow Does Chinas One Child Policy Affect its Economy? Summary Overpopulation always has been one of the essential problems that China needs to pay attention to. In 1979, Chinese government promulgated a law called ‘one-child policy’ that official name is ‘family planning policy’, which purpose is to slow down the rate of population growth and control the size of the total population. This paper using calibrated general-equilibrium models that compared benchmark with a fertility constraintRead MoreThe People s Republic Of China997 Words   |  4 PagesZhenshi, and announced Zhongguo will become the People’s Republic of China. This act propelled China into a closed market, red country. Later on, China would become a closed market country; this would end in the late 1980’s when China became an open market country. Since then China’s economy has been growing faster than any other economy in the world, and creating relationships with many countries including the United States. As China contin ues to boom and increase relations with the United States, fearRead MoreType Of Chinese Economic Reform1278 Words   |  6 Pagesa turning point that Chinese economy got over the shock from the aggressive economic policies ahead and realized the economics renaissance gradually. One of the most important changes is in resource allocation. Now, resource allocation is mainly influenced by the market rather than the central planning. As the alternative mechanism, government interventions take place when the market mechanism is not enough to maintain the good performance of economy. Besides, China is opening to the outside worldRead MoreThe Reasons Why East Asia Is Successful1365 Words   |  6 Pagesno doubt that the economy of East Asia is prospering and does not seem to slow down. The miracles that are happening in many countries in East Asia get attention from economists around the world. Thousands of articles and books try to find an explanation for this spectacular phenomenon. Back in the days, Japan was the only country in Asia that was accepted as a country with a strong and reliable economy. Many experts believe that the flying geese model is one the main reasons why East Asia is successfulRead MoreThe Production Is Falling By The Oil Producers1075 Words   |  5 Pagesis used by some to justify why they expect prices to remain â€Å"lower for longer† (The Oil Conundrum). This would mean that a long period of low oil prices should benefit the global economy. According to the Economist â€Å"the world is both a producer and a consumer: what producers lose and consumers gain from a drop in prices sums to zero†. Extra spending by oil importers exceeds cuts in spending by exporters, boosting global aggregate demand (The Oil Conundrum). The economies that have enjoyed the strongestRead MoreChina s Effect On The Global Economy1285 Words   |  6 Pages2016 China s Effect on the Global Economy Over the last two decades, what was once a developing country has grown into the economic superpower that is China. China passed Japan to become the world’s second-biggest economy in terms of GDP in the second quarter of 2010 and was said to be on track to surpass the United States in 2027, with an annual GDP of $14 trillion (Bloomberg). Since China became a larger and more influential country, it is now important to realize that the global economy depends

Print Any Type of Document Using Delphi

If your Delphi application needs to operate on various types of files, one of the tasks you might have for your application is to allow the user of the application to print a file, whatever the file type is. Most document-oriented applications, like MS Word, MS Excel or Adobe can easily print documents created in that program. For example, Microsoft Word saves the text you write in documents with DOC extension. Since Word determines what is the raw contents of a .DOC file it knows how to print .DOC files. The same applies for any known file type holding some printable information. What if you need to print various types of documents/files from your application? Can you know how to send the file to the printer in order for it to be printed correctly? Print From Delphi We can ask Windows what application can print, for example, a PDF file. Or, even better, we can tell Windows, heres one PDF file, send it to the application associated / in charge of printing PDF files. To do this, open up Windows Explorer, navigate to a directory containing some printable files. For most of the file types on your system, when you right-click a file in Windows Explorer, you will locate the Print command. Executing the Print shell command will result in the file being sent to the default printer. Well, thats exactly what we want: for a file type, call a method that will send the file to the associated application for printing. The function we are after is the ShellExecute API function. ShellExecute: Print / PrintTo However, ShellExecute can do much more. ShellExecute can be used to launch an application, open Windows Explorer, initiate a search beginning in the specified directory, and—whats of greatest interest to us—print the specified file. Specify Printer Using the above call, a document document.doc located on the root of the C drive will be sent to the Windows default printer. ShellExecute always uses the default printer for the print action. What if you need to print to a different printer, what if you want to allow the user to change the printer? The PrintTo Shell Command Before you copy and paste: the Printer global variable (TPrinter type) available in all Delphi programs can be used to manage any printing performed by an application. The printer is defined in the printers unit, ShellExecute is defined in the shellapi unit. Drop a TComboBox on a form. Name it cboPrinter. Set Style to csDropDownLidtPut the next two lines in the forms OnCreate even handler: //have available printers in the combo boxcboPrinter.Items.Assign(printer.Printers);//pre-select the default / active printercboPrinter.ItemIndex : printer.PrinterIndex; use to print any document type to a specified printer Note: some document types do not have an application associated with printing. Some do not have the printto action specified.

Growth and Maturity in Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by...

Growth and Maturity in Huck Finn The theme of growth and maturity is portrayed heavily throughout The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain which centers on Huck Finn, a rambunctious boy whose adventures with a runaway slave build him into a mature young man. The novel is a bildungsroman because it depicts the development and maturing of a young protagonist. In the first part of the story, Huck is seen as very immature. He struggles between doing what he wants and what society would have him do. On the raft, Huck realizes what his own beliefs are because of the people he meets in his journey. Huck?s biggest transformation is through his relationship with Jim. Although Huck isn?t a wonderful person, by the end of the book he†¦show more content†¦During his journey with Jim, Huck begins to understand his own beliefs better. He comes across many people who test those beliefs and he grows internally because of it. When Huck and Jim discover The Walter Scott, a wre cked steam boat, Huck decides to go on and have an adventure. He discovers two robbers threatening to kill a third. As he?s leaving, Huck feels genuinely sorry for these robbers who are stranded on the wreck. The fact that he is able to feel badly for these terrible people shows that he is maturing. After he comes on land, Huck meets the Sheperdsons who show him the nature of human violence through their feud with the Grangerford family. Huck matures through witnessing the feud and also begins to comprehend the hypocrisy of religion: The men took their guns along, so did Buck, and kept them between their knees or stood them handy against the wall. The Sheperdsons done the same. It was pretty ornery preaching?all about brotherly love, and such-like tiresomeness, but everybody said it was a good sermon? (111) Huck shows his growth through his ability to understand that their religious beliefs are in conflict with their own actions. Huck learns even more about his own morals during his encounter with the King and the Duke. The King and the Duke lie about being the Wilks brothers in order to get money. For Huck, they cross the line when they lie to Mary Jane. Huck watches them cry forShow MoreRelatedShould The Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn Be Banned?1984 Words   |  8 PagesShould The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn be banned? Since the early ages of literature, there have been works of literature that have been considered controversial because of the content, as some believe they are offensive or inappropriate. Works such as Martin Luther s 95 Theses and The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger are just two works of literature that have sparked major controversy. One of the most controversial works of American literature is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn writtenRead MoreThe Ethical Maturity Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain844 Words   |  4 Pages Mark Twain s The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn† is a novel about a young boy’s coming of age in Missouri during the mid-1800, is pre-Civil War era. The protagonist, Huckleberry Finn, spends much time in the novel floating down the Mississippi River on a raft with a runaway slave named Jim. On the way to Huck and Jim’s destiny, the two go through many adventures encountering many situations as well as very odd people along the way. Alt hough this novel has adventure and interesting situations,Read MoreLiterary Analysis: The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Essay1756 Words   |  8 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn â€Å"Persons attempting to find a motive in this narrative will be prosecuted; persons attempting to find a moral in it will be banished; persons attempting to find a plot in it will be shot.† (Twain, ix) Mark Twain opens his book with a personal notice, abstract from the storyline, to discourage the reader from looking for depth in his words. This severe yet humorous personal caution is written as such almost to dissuade his readers from having any high expectationsRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mr. Mark Twain929 Words   |  4 Pagesthe first few pages, or even sentences, the evidence of local color prevails in the novel of the Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, written by â€Å"Mr. Mark Twain† (106). Local color is defined by Donna Campbell of Washington State University as â€Å"fiction and poetry that focuses on the characters, dialect, customs, topography, and other features particular to a specific region.† The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the greatest examples and reveals all the characteristics of local color writing. TheRead MoreMark Twains Huckleberry Finn Essay1708 Words   |  7 PagesMark Twains Huckleberry Finn The novel is set in the 1930s in St. Petersburg, a fictitious place supposedly reminiscent of the town of Hannibal, Missouri the place where Mark Twain grew up. It follows the events in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, also of the same author. CHARACTERS Huck Finn. Huckleberry Finn or Huck Fin is the protagonist of the story. A dynamic character, he is a liar and sometimes a thief. In Tom Sawyers book, he is a vagabond with a drunkard father. In this bookRead MoreThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn Research Paper1649 Words   |  7 PagesSince its first publication in 1884, Mark Twain’s masterpiece The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn has proven to be one of history’s most controversial novels; especially recently, the novel has often been banned by schools and censored by libraries. Characters in the book are constantly using disparaging language toward slaves, and the repeated use of the word â€Å"nigger† makes many sensitive and offended. Critics denounce the novel and Mark Twain as racist for this word being insulting and politicallyRead MoreMark Twains The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn and the Theme of Nature1545 Words   |  7 PagesThe Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain has many different, inte rtwining themes. The book spotlights the personal growth and development of the protagonist, Huckleberry Finn, through the theme of nature. The importance of nature is shown in several ways like the symbolism of the Mississippi River, through the forest and Huck’s time spent living there, and by the argument of human nature versus civilization. While there are many different themes throughout the novel The Adventures of HuckleberryRead MoreVenturing Freedom with Mark Twain1587 Words   |  6 PagesVenturing Freedom Mark Twain, notable for his works in the late 19th century, grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, and worked as a riverboat pilot along the Mississippi River. Missouri was a slave state; it was there that Twain became familiar with the institution of slavery, as well as the ideas and practices of racism and inequality that dominated American life during that period. Although freedom was the basis of America’s foundation, the novel is written during a time that freedom is often in questionRead MoreThe Adventures Of Huckleberry Finn By Mark Twain1164 Words   |  5 Pages2016 Research Paper In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain writes about the events in Huckleberry Finn’s life and the people around him. Huckleberry Finn tells the tale of life in the nineteenth century through the eyes of a 14-year-old boy struggling to find his place in this society. Throughout the story Huck deals with several moral issues; such as slavery, his distrust of society, and social order. In this essay I will discuss moral issues that Huck Finn faces in the story. The storyRead MoreAdventures of Huckleberry Finn- Analysis1012 Words   |  5 Pagescan be made untainted by society. Mark Twain once said Dont let school get in the way of your education. Twain states that this education which is provided by society, can actually hinder human growth and maturity. Although a formal education shouldnt be completely shunned, perhaps true life experience, in society and nature, are a key part of development. In the novel Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Mark Twain throws the curious yet innocent mind of Huck Finn out into a very hypocritical, judgmental

Last Sacrifice Chapter Sixteen Free Essays

string(96) " had some scheme in mind, but my hope was to capture him before he could do any further damage\." CONSIDERING SYDNEY DESTROYED dead bodies on a regular basis, it was kind of surprising that she was so shocked by our post-fight appearances. Maybe dead Strigoi were just objects to her. Dimitri and I were real live people, and we were a mess. We will write a custom essay sample on Last Sacrifice Chapter Sixteen or any similar topic only for you Order Now â€Å"I hope you guys don’t stain the car,’ she said, once the bodies were disposed of and we were on our way. I think it was her best attempt at a joke, in an effort to cover up her discomfort over our torn and bloody clothes. â€Å"Are we going to Paris?’ I asked, turning to look back at Dimitri. â€Å"Paris?’ asked Sydney, startled. â€Å"Not yet,’ said Dimitri, leaning his head back against the seat. He was back to looking like a controlled guardian. All signs of his earlier breakdown were gone, and I had no intention of giving away what had happened before we’d fetched Sydney. So small †¦ yet so monumental. And very private. For now, he mostly looked tired. â€Å"We should wait until daytime. We had to go for Donovan now, but if Sonya’s got a house, she’s probably there all the time. Safer for us in daylight.’ â€Å"How do you know he wasn’t lying?’ asked Sydney. She was driving with no real destination, merely getting us out of the neighborhood as fast as possible and before people reported screams and the sounds of fighting. I thought back to the terror on Donovan’s face and shivered. â€Å"I don’t think he was lying.’ Sydney didn’t ask any more questions, except about which direction she should drive. Dimitri suggested we find another hotel so that we could clean up and get some rest before tomorrow’s task. Fortunately, Lexington had a much broader selection of hotels than our last town. We didn’t go for luxury, but the large, modern-looking place we chose was part of a chain, clean and stylish. Sydney checked us in and then led us inside through a side door, so as not to startle any guests who might be up in the middle of the night. We got one room with two double beds. No one commented on it, but I think we all shared a need to stay together after our earlier Strigoi encounter. Dimitri was much more of a mess than me, thanks to his mutilation of Donovan, so I sent him to shower first. â€Å"You did great,’ I told Sydney as we waited. I sat on the floor (which was much cleaner than the last room’s) so that I wouldn’t wreck the beds. â€Å"That was really brave of you.’ She crooked me a smile. â€Å"Typical. You get beat up and nearly killed, but I’m the one you’re praising?’ â€Å"Hey, I do this all the time. Going in there alone like you did †¦ well, it was pretty hardcore. And I’m not that beat up.’ I was brushing off my injuries, just as Dimitri would. Sydney, eyeing me, knew it too. My legs were scraped more than I’d realized, the skin torn and bleeding from where I’d fallen on the cement. One of my ankles was complaining over the roof-jump, and I had a number of cuts and bruises scattered over the rest of me. I had no clue where most had come from. Sydney shook her head. â€Å"How you guys don’t catch gangrene more often is beyond me.’ We both knew why, though. It was part of the natural resistance I’d been born with as a dhampir, getting the best of both races’ traits. Moroi were actually pretty healthy too, though they sometimes caught diseases unique to their race. Victor was an example. He had a chronic disease and had once forced Lissa to heal him. Her magic had restored him to full health at the time, but the illness was slowly creeping back. I showered after Dimitri finished, and then Sydney forced her first aid kit on both of us. When we were bandaged and disinfected to her satisfaction, she got out her laptop and pulled up a map of Paris, Kentucky. The three of us huddled around the screen. â€Å"Lots of creeks and rivers,’ she mused, scrolling around. â€Å"Not much in the way of lakes.’ I pointed. â€Å"Do you think that’s it?’ It was a tiny body of water, marked APPLEWOOD POND. â€Å"Maybe. Ah, there’s another pond. That could be a suspect too or–oh! Right here?’ She tapped the screen on another body of water, a bit bigger than the ponds: MARTIN LAKE. Dimitri sat back and ran a hand over his eyes as he yawned. â€Å"That looks like the most likely option. If not, I don’t think it’ll take long to drive around the other ones.’ â€Å"That’s your plan?’ asked Sydney. â€Å"Just drive around and look for a blue house?’ I exchanged glances with Dimitri and shrugged. Sydney might be showing her bravery on this trip, but I knew her idea of â€Å"a plan’ was a little different from ours. Hers were structured, well-thought out, and had a clear purpose. Also, details. â€Å"It’s more solid than most of our plans,’ I said at last. The sun was going to be up in another hour or so. I was restless to go after Sonya, but Dimitri insisted sleep until midday. He took one bed, and Sydney and I shared the other. I didn’t really think I needed the rest he claimed, but my body disagreed. I fell asleep almost instantly. And like always lately, I eventually was pulled into a spirit dream. I hoped it was Adrian, coming to finish our last conversation. Instead, the conservatory materialized around me, complete with harp and cushioned furniture. I sighed and faced the Brothers Dashkov. â€Å"Great,’ I said. â€Å"Another conference call. I have really got to start blocking your number.’ Victor gave me a small bow. â€Å"Always a pleasure, Rose.’ Robert merely stared off into space again. Nice to know some things never changed. â€Å"What do you want?’ I demanded. â€Å"You know what we want. We’re here to help you help Vasilisa.’ I didn’t believe that for an instant. Victor had some scheme in mind, but my hope was to capture him before he could do any further damage. You read "Last Sacrifice Chapter Sixteen" in category "Essay examples" He studied me expectantly. â€Å"Have you found the other Dragomir yet?’ I stared incredulously. â€Å"It’s only been a day!’ I almost had to redo my math on that one. It felt more like ten years. Nope. Only a day since I’d last spoken to Victor. â€Å"And?’ Victor asked. â€Å"And, how good do you think we are?’ He considered. â€Å"Pretty good.’ â€Å"Well, thanks for the vote of confidence, but it’s not as easy as it seems. And actually †¦ considering what a cover-up this has all been, it really doesn’t seem easy at all.’ â€Å"But you have found something?’ Victor pressed. I didn’t answer. An eager gleam lit his eyes, and he took a step forward. I promptly took one back. â€Å"You have found something.’ â€Å"Maybe.’ Again, I had the same indecision as before. Did Victor, with all his scheming and manipulating, know something that could help us? Last time, he’d given me nothing, but now we had more information. What had he said? If we found a thread, he could unravel it? â€Å"Rose.’ Victor was speaking to me like I was a child, as he often did to Robert. It made me scowl. â€Å"I told you before: It doesn’t matter if you trust me or my intentions. For now, we’re both interested in the same short-term goal. Don’t let future worries ruin your chance here.’ It was funny, but that was similar to the principle I’d operated on for most of my life. Live in the now. Jump right in and worry about the consequences later. Now, I hesitated and tried to think things over before making a decision. At last, I chose to take the risk, again hoping Victor might be able to help. â€Å"We think the mother †¦ the mother of Lissa’s brother or sister †¦ is related to Sonya Karp.’ Victor’s eyebrows rose. â€Å"You know who that is?’ â€Å"Of course. She turned Strigoi–allegedly because she went insane. But we both know it was a little more complicated than that.’ I nodded reluctantly. â€Å"She was a spirit user. No one knew.’ Robert’s head whipped around so fast that I nearly jumped. â€Å"Whos a spirit user?’ â€Å"Former spirit user,’ said Victor, instantly switching to soothing mode. â€Å"She became a Strigoi to get away from it.’ The sharp focus Robert had directed toward the two of us melted into soft dreaminess once more. â€Å"Yes †¦ always a lure to that †¦ kill to live, live to kill. Immortality and freedom from these chains, but oh, what a loss †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ They were crazy ramblings, but they had an eerie similarity to some of the things Adrian said sometimes. I didn’t like that at all. Trying to pretend Robert wasn’t in the room, I turned back to Victor. â€Å"Do you know anything about her? Who she’s related to?’ He shook his head. â€Å"She has a large family.’ I threw up my hands in exasperation. â€Å"Could you be any more useless? You keep acting like you know so much, but you’re just telling us what we’ve already found out! You aren’t helping!’ â€Å"Help comes in many forms, Rose. Have you found Sonya?’ â€Å"Yes.’ I reconsidered. â€Å"Well, not quite. We know where she is. We’re going to see her tomorrow and question her.’ The look on Victor’s face spoke legions about how ridiculous he thought that was. â€Å"And I’m sure she’ll be eager to help.’ I shrugged. â€Å"Dimitri’s pretty persuasive.’ â€Å"So I’ve heard,’ said Victor. â€Å"But Sonya Karp isn’t an impressionable teenager.’ I sized up a punch but worried Robert might have his force field up again. Victor appeared oblivious to my anger. â€Å"Tell me where you are. We’ll come to you.’ Once more, a dilemma. I didn’t think there was much the brothers could do. But this might present an opportunity to recapture him. Besides, if we had him in person, maybe he’d stop interrupting my dreams. â€Å"We’re in Kentucky,’ I said at last. â€Å"Paris, Kentucky.’ I gave him what other info we had about the blue house. â€Å"We’ll be there tomorrow,’ Victor said. â€Å"Then where are you now–‘ And just like last time, Robert ended the dream abruptly, leaving me hanging. What had I gotten myself into with them? Before I could consider it, I was immediately taken to another spirit dream. Good Lord. It really was deja vu. Everyone wanted to talk to me in my sleep. Fortunately, like last time, my second visit was from Adrian. This one was in the ballroom where the Council had met. There were no chairs or people, and my steps echoed on the hard wood floor. The room that seemed so grand and powerful when in use now had a lonely, ominous feel. Adrian stood near one of the tall, arched windows, giving me one of his roguish smiles when I hugged him. Compared to how dirty and bloody everything was in the real world, he seemed pristine and perfect. â€Å"You did it.’ I gave him a quick kiss on the lips. â€Å"You got them to nominate Lissa.’ After our last dream visit, when I’d realized there might be some merit to Victor’s suggestion, I’d had to work hard to convince Adrian that the nomination idea was a good one– particularly since I hadn’t been sure myself. â€Å"Yeah, getting that group on board was easy.’ He seemed to like my admiration, but his face grew grimmer as he pondered my words. â€Å"She’s not happy about it, though. Boy, she let us have it afterward.’ â€Å"I saw it. You’re right that she doesn’t like it–but it was more than that. It was spirit- darkness. I took some of it away, but yeah †¦ it was bad.’ I remembered how taking her anger had caused it to flare up briefly in me. Spirit didn’t hit me as hard as it did her– but that was only temporary. Eventually, if I pulled enough over the years, it would take over. I caught hold of Adrian’s hand and gave him as pleading a look as I could manage. â€Å"You’ve got to look after her. I’ll do what I can, but you know as well as I do how stress and worry can agitate spirit. I’m afraid it’ll come back like it used to. I wish I could be there to take care of her. Please–help her.’ He tucked a loose piece of hair behind my ear, concern in his deep green eyes. At first, I thought his worry was just for Lissa. â€Å"I will,’ he said. â€Å"I’ll do what I can. But Rose †¦ will it happen to me? Is that what I’ll become? Like her and the others?’ Adrian had never shown the extreme side effects Lissa had, largely because he didn’t use as much spirit and because he did so much self-medicating with alcohol. I didn’t know how long that would last, though. From what I’d seen, there were only a few things to delay the insanity: self-discipline, antidepressants, and bonding to someone shadow-kissed. Adrian didn’t seem interested in any of those options. It was weird, but in this moment of vulnerability, I was reminded of what had just happened with Dimitri. Both of these men, so strong and confident in their ways, yet each needing me for support. You’re the strong one, Rose, a voice whispered inside my head. Adrian gazed off. â€Å"Sometimes †¦ sometimes I can believe the insanity is all imagined, you know? I’ve never felt it like the others †¦ like Lissa or old Vlad. But once in a while †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ he paused. â€Å"I don’t know. I feel so close, Rose. So close to the edge. Like if I allow myself one small misstep, I’ll plunge away and never come back. It’s like I’ll lose myself.’ I’d heard him say stuff like this before, when he’d go off on some weird tangent that only half made sense. It was the closest he ever came to showing that spirit might be messing with his mind too. I’d never realized he was aware of these moments or what they could mean. He looked back down at me. â€Å"When I drink †¦ I don’t worry about it. I don’t worry about going crazy. But then I think †¦ maybe I already I am. Maybe I am, but no one can tell the difference when I’m drunk.’ â€Å"You’re not crazy,’ I said fiercely, pulling him to me. I loved his warmth and the way he felt against my skin. â€Å"You’ll be okay. You’re strong.’ He pressed his cheek to my forehead. â€Å"I don’t know,’ he said. â€Å"I think you’re my strength.’ It was a sweet and romantic statement, but something about it bothered me. â€Å"That’s not quite right,’ I said, wondering how I could put my feelings into words. I knew you could help someone else in a relationship. You could strengthen them and support them. But you couldn’t actually do everything for them. You couldn’t solve all their problems. â€Å"You have to find it within your–‘ The hotel room’s alarm clock blared and broke me from the dream, leaving me frustrated both because I missed Adrian and hadn’t been able to say all I wanted to. Well, there was nothing I could do for him now. I could only hope he’d manage on his own. Sydney and I were both sluggish and squinty-eyed. It made sense that she’d be exhausted, since her whole sleeping schedule–when she actually got sleep–had been thrown off. Me? My fatigue was mental. So many people, I thought. So many people needed me †¦ but it was so hard to help all of them. Naturally, Dimitri was up and ready to go. He’d woken before us. Last night’s breakdown might as well have never happened. It turned out he’d been dying for coffee and had patiently waited for us, not wanting to leave us sleeping and undefended. I shooed him off, and twenty minutes later, he returned with coffee and a box of donuts. He also had purchased an industrial-strength chain at a hardware store across the street â€Å"for when we find Sonya,’ which made me uneasy. By then Sydney and I were ready to go, and I decided to hold off on my questions. I wasn’t crazy about wearing shorts again, not with my legs in this condition, but I was too eager to get to Sonya to insist we stop at a mall. I did, however, decide it was time to get my companions up to speed. â€Å"So,’ I began casually, â€Å"Victor Dashkov might be joining us soon.’ It was to Sydney’s credit that she didn’t drive off the road. â€Å"What? That guy who escaped?’ I could see in Dimitri’s eyes that he was just as shocked, but he kept cool and under control, like always. â€Å"Why,’ he began slowly, â€Å"is Victor Dashkov joining us?’ â€Å"Well, it’s kind of a funny story †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ And with that intro, I gave them as brief yet thorough a recap as I could, starting with the background on Robert Doru and ending with the brothers’ recent dream visits. I glossed over Victor’s â€Å"mysterious’ escape a few weeks ago, but something told me that Dimitri, in that uncanny way we had of guessing each other’s thoughts, was probably putting the pieces together. Both Lissa and I had told Dimitri we’d gone through a lot to learn how to restore him, but we’d never explained the full story–especially the part about breaking out Victor so that he could help us find his brother. â€Å"Look, whether he can help or not, this is our chance to catch him,’ I added hastily. â€Å"That’s a good thing, right?’ â€Å"Its an issue we’ll deal with †¦ later.’ I recognized the tone in Dimitri’s voice. He’d used it a lot at St. Vladimir’s. It usually meant there was a private talk in my future, where I’d be grilled for more details. Kentucky turned out to be pretty beautiful as we drove out to Paris. The land was rolling and green as we got out of the city, and it was easy to imagine wanting to live in a little house out here. I wondered idly if that had been Sonya’s motivation and then caught myself. I’d just told Dimitri that Strigoi saw no beauty. Was I wrong? Would gorgeous scenery matter to her? I found my answer when our GPS led us to Martin Lake. There were only a few houses scattered around it, and among those, only one was blue. Stopping a fair distance away from the house, Sydney parked the car off to the side of the road as much as she could. It was narrow, the shoulders covered in trees and high grass. We all got out of the car and walked a little ways, still keeping our distance. â€Å"Well. It’s a blue house,’ declared Sydney pragmatically. â€Å"But is it hers? I don’t see a mailbox or anything.’ I looked closer at the yard. Rose bushes, full of pink and red blossoms, grew in front of the porch. Baskets thick with white flowers I didn’t know the names of hung from the roof, and blue morning glories climbed up a trellis. Around the house, I could just barely make out a wood fence. A vine with orange, trumpet-shaped flowers crawled over it. Then, an image flickered into my mind, gone as quickly as it had come. Ms. Karp watering pots of flowers in her classroom, flowers that seemed to grow impossibly fast and tall. As a teenager more interested in dodging homework, I hadn’t thought much about them. It was only later, after watching Lissa make plants grow and bloom during spirit experiments, that I understood what had been happening in Ms. Karp’s classroom. And now, even deprived of spirit and possessed by evil, Sonya Karp was still tending her flowers. â€Å"Yeah,’ I said. â€Å"This is her house.’ Dimitri approached the front porch, studying every detail. I started to follow but held back. â€Å"What are you doing?’ I kept my voice low. â€Å"She might see you.’ He returned to my side. â€Å"Those are black-out curtains. They aren’t letting in any light, so she isn’t going to see anything. It also means she likely spends her time on the house’s main floor, rather than a basement.’ I could easily follow his line of thinking. â€Å"That’s good news for us.’ When I’d been captured by Strigoi last year, my friends and I had been held in a basement. Not only was it convenient for Strigoi wanting to avoid the sun, it also meant fewer escape and entry options. It was easy for Strigoi to trap prey in a basement. The more doors and windows we had, the better. â€Å"I’ll scout the other side,’ he said, starting for the backyard. I hurried up to him and caught him by the arm. â€Å"Let me. I’ll sense any Strigoi–not that she’s going outside, but, well, just in case.’ He hesitated, and I grew irate, thinking he didn’t believe me capable. Then, he said, â€Å"Okay. Be careful.’ I realized he was just worried about me. I moved as smoothly and quietly as I could around the house, soon discovering the wooden fence was going to create difficulty in seeing the backyard. I feared climbing over might alert Sonya to my presence and pondered what to do. My solution came in the form of a large rock lying near the fence’s edge. I dragged the stone over and stood on top. It wasn’t enough to let me look completely over, but I was able to easily put my hands on top of the fence and hoist myself up for a peek with minimal noise. It was like looking into the Garden of Eden. The flowers in the front had merely been the warm-up act. More roses, magnolia and apple trees, irises, and a billion other flowers I didn’t recognize. Sonya’s backyard was a paradise of lush color. I scoped out what I needed to and hurried back to Dimitri. Sydney still stood by the car. â€Å"A patio door and two windows,’ I reported. â€Å"All curtained. There’s also a wooden deck chair, a shovel, and a wheelbarrow.’ â€Å"Any pitchforks?’ â€Å"Unfortunately, no, but there’s a big-ass rock sitting outside the fence. It’d be hard to get it into the yard, though. We’re better off using it to help us climb over. No gate in the fence. She’s made a fortress.’ He nodded in understanding, and without any conversation, I knew what to do. We got the chain from the car and entrusted it to Sydney. We told her to wait for us outside–with the strict instructions to leave if we weren’t back in thirty minutes. I hated to say that kind of thing–and Sydney’s face indicated she didn’t like hearing it–but it was inevitable. If we hadn’t subdued Sonya in that amount of time, we weren’t going to subdue her at all–or leave alive. If we did manage to overtake her, we’d give some signal for Sydney to come in with the chain. Sydney’s amber-brown eyes were filled with anxiety as she watched us head back around the house. I nearly teased her for caring about evil creatures of the night but stopped myself just in time. She might loathe every other dhampir and Moroi in the world, but somewhere along the way, she’d come to like Dimitri and me. That wasn’t something to mock. Dimitri stood on the rock and surveyed the yard. He murmured a few last-minute instructions to me before taking my hands and boosting me up over the fence. His height went a long way to make the maneuver as easy and quiet–though not silent–as possible. He followed me shortly thereafter, landing beside me with a small thud. After that, we sprang forward with no delay. If Sonya had heard us, then there was no point in wasting time. We needed every advantage we could get. Dimitri grabbed the shovel and swung it hard into the glass–once, twice. The first strike was about the height of my head, the second lower. The glass fractured more with each impact. Right on the heels of the second hit, I pushed forward and shoved the wheelbarrow into the door. Lifting it and throwing it against the glass would have been a lot cooler, but it was too unwieldy to raise very high. When the wheelbarrow struck the already weakened glass, the cracked areas broke and crumbled altogether, creating a hole big enough for both of us to get through. We both had to duck–especially Dimitri. A simultaneous attack through both sides of the house would have been ideal, but it wasn’t like Sonya could run out the front door. Nausea had started to creep over me as soon as we were near the patio, and the sensation hit full force as we entered a living room. I ignored my stomach in the way I’d perfected and braced myself for what was to come. We’d broken in pretty quickly but not quickly enough to truly get the jump on Strigoi reflexes. Sonya Karp was right there, ready for us, doing all she could to avoid the sunlight spilling into the living room. When I’d first seen Dimitri as a Strigoi, I’d been so shocked that I’d frozen up. It had allowed him to capture me, so I’d mentally braced myself this time, knowing I’d feel the same shock when I saw my former teacher as a Strigoi. And it was shocking. Just like with him, so many of Sonya’s features were the same as before: the auburn hair and high cheek bones †¦ but her beauty was twisted by all the other terrible conditions: chalky skin, red eyes, and the expression of cruelty that all Strigoi seemed to wear. If she recognized us, she gave no sign and lunged toward Dimitri with a snarl. It was a common Strigoi tactic to take out the bigger threat first, and it annoyed me that they always believed that was Dimitri. He’d shoved his stake in his belt in order to carry the shovel inside with him. The shovel wouldn’t kill a Strigoi, but with enough strength and momentum, it would definitely keep Sonya at arm’s length. He struck her with it in the shoulder after her first attempt, and while she didn’t fall over, she definitely waited before trying another attack. They circled each other, like wolves readying for a battle, as she sized up her odds. One charge, and her greater strength would push him down, shovel or not. All of this took place in a matter of seconds, and Sonya’s calculations had left me out of the equation. I made my own charge, slamming into her other side, but she saw me coming out of the corner of her eye and responded instantly, throwing me down while never taking her eyes off Dimitri. I wished I had the shovel and could hit her in the back from a safe distance. All I carried was my stake, and I had to be careful with it since it could kill her. I did a quick scan of her eerily normal living room and couldn’t see any other potential weapons. She feinted, and Dimitri went for it. He just barely corrected himself as she leapt forward to take advantage of the situation. She thrust him against the wall, pinning him there and knocking the shovel from his grasp. He struggled against her, trying to break free as her hands found his throat. If I tried to pull her off, my strength combined with Dimitri’s would probably free him. I wanted this over as quickly as possible, however, and decided to make a power play. I ran toward her, stake in hand, and plunged it through her right shoulder blade, hoping I was nowhere near her heart. The charmed silver, so agonizing to Strigoi skin, made her scream. Frantic, she shoved me away with force that was astonishing even for a Strigoi. I fell backward, stumbling, and whacked my head against a coffee table. My vision dimmed slightly, but instinct and adrenaline drove me back to my feet. My attack gave Dimitri the split second he needed. He knocked Sonya to the ground and grabbed my stake, pushing it against her throat. She screamed and flailed, and I moved forward to help him, knowing how hard it was to pin a Strigoi. â€Å"Get Sydney †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ he grunted. â€Å"The chain †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ I moved as quickly as I could, stars and shadows dancing in front of me. I unlocked the front door and kicked it open as a signal, then ran back to Dimitri. Sonya was making good progress in fighting him off. I dropped to my knees, working with Dimitri to keep her restrained. He had that battle lust in his eyes again, a look that said he wanted to destroy her right here and now. But there was something else, too. Something that made me think he had more control, that my words in the alley had actually had an impact. Still, I uttered a warning. â€Å"We need her †¦ remember we need her.’ He gave me a slight nod, just as Sydney showed up lugging the chain. She stared at the scene wide-eyed, pausing only a moment before hurrying over to us. We’ll make a warrior of her yet, I thought. Dimitri and I moved to our next task. We’d already spotted the best place to bind Sonya: a heavy, reclining armchair in the corner. Lifting her–which was dangerous since she was still thrashing wildly–we thrust her into the chair. Then, keeping the stake at her neck, Dimitri attempted to hold her down while I grabbed hold of the chain. There was no time to think of a precise system. I just started wrapping it, first around her legs and then as best as I could around her torso, trying to lock her arms against her. Dimitri had bought a lot of chain, thankfully, and I hurriedly wrapped it around the chair in a crazy manner, doing everything I could to keep her down. When I finally ran out of chain, Sonya was pretty well locked into place. Was it something she could break out of? Absolutely. But with a silver stake against her? Not so easy. With both in place †¦ well, we had her trapped for now. It was the best we could do. Dimitri and I exchanged brief, weary looks. I felt dizzy but fought through it, knowing our task was far from over. â€Å"Time for questioning,’ I said grimly. How to cite Last Sacrifice Chapter Sixteen, Essay examples

Poverties and exclusion in a global world - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Poverties and exclusion in a global world. Answer: Introduction Social welfare not only the standard of living but also it focuses on the quality of life in a country. Reduction of level of crime, drug use and availability of the social services are the major parts of social welfare. In order to help the vulnerable people, social welfare plays an important role and it will enhance the standard of living in a country (Tobo 2017). Reduction of poverty and development of the housing facility are the other positive aspects of social welfare. This assignment deals with the development of social welfare from the 19th century to onward. Analysis of the development of the social welfare from the historical perspective According to the historical perspectives of the social welfare development, it has been received that most of the social welfare development in the world has occurred since 1980. However, a major transformation took place since the 19th century. The technological development and the economic globalization have altered the political environment of a country and nature of the work in a country (Pfau-Effinger 2017). In Britain Liberal party has launched in 1906. Such liberal government implemented many welfare policies in order to improve the condition of old, young and working people. However, in the previous time enhancement of ethnic and racial minorities is a major problem of the society that needs to be improved. In the recent years, this problem is not mitigated properly. On the other hand, the unpredictable issue such as HIV or AIDS is a major social concern of every country in the previous time. From the 19th century, the social welfare development took place by an introduction of different social works. One of the major aspects of the social welfare development is the analysis of the long-term impact of the war and poverty on a particular region. Enhancement of the income level and standard of living was another aspect of the social welfare (Tobo 2017). On the other hand, enhancement of the human capital was a potential step of the social welfare committee. Significant progress of the social work and the social welfare had been taken place between the years 1950 to 1980. Due to the world war, the government provided significant effort to the development of the social work in various countries. Between the years 1700 to 1800 the housing policy for the homeless people was introduced however, this was not implemented effectively. The people who were homeless in that time were recognized by the government and were given support. However, in that particular time the government was not specific strategy to make housing for the vulnerable people. In 19th century this housing process of homeless people gets into progress. First international conference of social work was held in 1928 in Paris. This welfare influenced the industrialists to establish social service school in UK. This had encouraged the business owners to take part actively in the social welfare development. In these schools, the women were graduated to carry out the social work. In the year, 1946 public agencies were developed to maximize the social service in UK. Since this year, many countries of UK started not only to understand social service but also the organization process of it (Iychettira et al. 2017). However, poverty level was a big issue in UK since 19th century. On the other hand, Brexit is another big reason of poverty. Hence, to reduce such poverty issues in UK, development of social policy takes place to support the venerable individuals. Many social agencies are developed to support the people and to improve the economic state of the country. In the year 1997 the government has taken the poverty issue and the social exc lusion in UK very seriously. Labor government tax and benefit reforms have an important role to reduce the child poverty. Apart from this tax benefit is more progressive to identify the poverty level and to reduce it effectively in UK (Jrf.org.uk 2018) In the context of UK like other demographic countries, this country has been facing large demographic and social changes. According to the historical data, it has been received that the women were facing challenges in the labor market. However, discrimination was very high with the women in the labor market and there was no support from the state. Hence, social development had been taken place since the 19th century in this country (Vampa 2017). Hence, social welfare development includes enhancement of the old growth, reduction of the birth rate and establishment of the women protection. On the other hand, new policies were introduced for the social development. However, the UK government has given their concern towards the improvement of education, health and employment program in this country. Analysis of the different attitudes and views of the welfare reforms since 19thC Welfare reform refers to the government attitude in order to change the policies in a particular region or country (Dotter and Klasen 2017). The main aim of this reform is to reduce the dependency of the people on the government assistance and make them self-independent. As per the primary data based on the news article it has been found that in the 19th century there was no old age pension in the UK. This was the policy of UK. However, the reformers had shown a negative attitude towards this policy as it had increased the poverty level. This policy left a negative impact on the people as the in a family the main wage earner died or failed to work then the entire family faced a terrible poverty (Bbc.co.uk 2017). Hence, the social survey had changed the popular opinion over the cause of the poverty. This survey report helped to change the way of government reform. Charles Booth and Seebohm Rowntree were two major investigators who highlighted the exact causes of the poverty in EU citi es. According to the Elizabethan Poor Law 1601, outdoor relief is considered as the poor relief However, as per this law assistance is given to the poor people in terms of money, food, clothing and goods (Szreter et al. 2016). This law was passed in 1601 however; the law is successfully applied in 19th century. The developer or follower of the social policy maintain the concept of this law till the 19th century and the relief is provided to the people by providing them financial support. The concept of this law was developed in 1601 but its application is made in 19th century by incorporating of social policy with this law. Different agencies give relief to the people who below poverty level by providing them food, cloth and money. According to the secondary data, UK includes vulnerable people who are below the poverty level. Hence, the attitudes of the people in the society towards the vulnerable people were not same. In the 19th century, the Liberal government came into the position and took necessary actions to help the people to reduce poverty and unemployment (Kazepov and Ranci 2017). This action was supported by the reformers properly. However, this government had adopted a policy to help the poor and old people those were unemployed. In the year 1908 old aged pension the Liberal government had introduced old aged pension and it became a law in the year 1909. There was a criticism towards this Act as a smaller amount was given to the old aged people, which was too small to meet their needs. On the other hand, many people were died before getting the pension that was a major drawback of such social welfare. In the year 1970 government allowed the local authority to arrange a free meal for the school children in UK. On the other hand, social reformers blamed the poverty due to emerging crime among the young generation (Bbc.co.uk 2017). Based on this in 1908 juvenile court was established and this reform made restriction in the use of cigarette and alcohol for the children who were below 16 years age. On the other hand, social reformers criticized that the children were unable to get a free meal during the holiday as a result their health was decorated and growth became slow. Based on such problem a free medical checkup was established in school in the year 1912. Thomas Mattius was liberal party politician and associated with the social welfare. However, he had a great contribution in the social welfare. He was associated with the charity and provided outdoor relief to the vulnerable people through this charity. Analysis the concept of absolute poverty, relative poverty, and need Need refers to the necessary something for the human being to live a healthy life. Need is closely associated with the want or it can be said that want is derived from need. In the context of need if deficiency occurs then it results in an adverse effect on the human being (Burrell and Morgan 2017). Basic needs include air, food, and safety. Besides the basic needs, people have some social needs that ensure their safety in a society. Social need includes financial security, which is a big concern of today's life. Absolute poverty highlights a condition while an individual fails to income a minimum amount to meet their basic requirement. However, if people live in an absolute poverty then their life can be affected. The major causes of absolute poverty are an increase of world population, social conflicts, and natural disasters. On the other hand, child labor is a major factor of absolute poverty. Relative poverty refers to the condition while the individuals are unable to income mini mum amount to maintain the average standard of their lifestyle. People who are under relative poverty fail to keep the social standard that is selected by the society. Possible causes of the relative poverty are poor health, lack of education, marginalization, and lack of education (Dotter and Klasen 2017). Hence, social welfare development is necessary to meet the needs of the people and reduce the poverty level in a country. The impact of limited resources on the States ability to set priorities. There are many reasons behind the inability of the State to deal with the problem of poverty existing in the society. This happens because of several reasons. The State often is unable to allocate its resources in a proper manner (Bhalla and Lapeyre 2016). Though the State often formulates several agencies to support the poor and develop their condition these policies somehow fail to upgrade the financial or the economic stability of the poor. One of the major reasons is the misuse of funds. Though the State of the Government often receives plenty of funds they are unable to set their priorities right and use it for the development of the poor. Often the developmental measures taken by the State are any superficial and then it fails to help the poor (Duggan 2014. One of the major problems is the unequal distribution of wealth-The government often invests the funds for developing the schools, colleges, and universities to educate people and increase the employment opportunities in order to develop the economic condition of people. However, this investment is done only in the urban or the city areas and the rural regions remain untouched. The poor people usually live in the remote regions where they suffer from lack of proper educational facilities. The State often fails to invest money in setting up sufficient amount of rural educational facilities. Speaking in this context, the risk of poverty in UK is 5.1% higher than in Europe (Turkington et al 2017). The percentage is about 24.8%. A majority of the population in UK lives below the poverty line in poorly furnishes homes and in the deprived families. The State is unable to extend its funds to these poor families. Though the State often spends significant funds on subsidies for electricity, f uels, and fertilizers the net result is not at all beneficial for the poor people because the officials handling this sector are usually corrupt and take undue advantage for making personal gains (Bertolini et al 2017). Evaluation of the impact of limited resources on the States ability to set priorities. Child labor One of the major problems faced by the UK is child labor. This is one of the major and extreme consequences of poverty in UK (Bradshaw 2016). The increasing number of child labor in UK also is the proof of the fact that there is inequality in the distribution of wealth. The income inequality in UK gives rise to the utter poverty. As a result of this the average income of the families is also very less. It is due to this poverty that the families are unable to procure enough food for them. It is because of this utter poverty that those families are forced to send their children to work. Those families cannot even afford to send their children to school (Townsend 2014). This is also very natural because when they are suffering from utter hunger they cannot even think of giving their child proper education. The only thing that they are concerned about is satisfying their hunger. The state is unable to send sufficient financial help in the rural regions for these issues (Andr and Godin 2 014). Even if some health centers and schools are set up for promoting good health and educational opportunities, they ultimately go out of order and cannot render proper service to the users. So, the women and the children keep on sinking in utter poverty. Poor condition of women and children Women and children living in the remote regions are doubly dominated in UK. This is because there are cases of high discrimination among men and women based on their gender. It is high time that the State must take several measures to deal with this problem. This has been observed in the professional fields where men are always given more priority than women (Knotz and Lindvall 2015). However in this context it must be noted that the effect of this discrimination is even more severe in the rural regions where women are always denied the opportunities of education and employment. They are not only kept confined within the domestic spheres but are also denied proper heath and medical facilities (Townsend 2014). The state often tries to take measures for helping the women and the children living in the poor remote regions by setting up proper educational and health facilities it often goes out of maintenance and can no longer be used by the women and the children in need. Hence it is ne eded that the State starts adopting several measures in order to uplift the condition of the poor people in general and that of women and children in particular (Knotz and Lindvall 2015). Pensioners sinking in poverty Another major problem is the lack of sufficient resources for the pension holders. The rate of poverty has increased considerably over the years especially among children and the pensioners. The wok environments are not suitable for the elderly people and they also suffer from disrespect and lack of sufficient economic support (Bhalla and Lapeyre 2016). The State often suffers from lack of sufficient resources to support the pension holders and the children. There are often problems in the setting of the priorities. State must take sufficient measures to allocate their resources properly and invest them for eradicating chances of poverty (Bochel 2014). The post war period had left all the people in huge trauma. People were suffering from epidemic plagues, lack of educational and employment opportunities (Bradshaw 2016). The soldiers who had served in the wars were injured and were left disabled. They were also suffering from economic and social problems. Hence several policies were formulated for creating a welfare state in UK. Analysis of the post war development of social welfare within the context wider issues affecting society. British economic policy As employment had become one of the major problems, the British economic policy was passed in the year 1944 which mainly aimed at providing full employment for all the people (Knotz and Lindvall 2015). The unemployment Insurance Act was passed which extended in giving insurance to about 20million of workers. The post war period also saw the birth of welfare state and several acts were passed for improving the health and safety of the workers like the Accident Insurance was passed that provided insurance to the agricultural workers (Bochel 2014). There was also an extension made in the act that would provide insurance to all the male and female workers under 70 years of age and it would also cover the financial expenses of those people who were suffering from unemployment Working People Act Policy Labor exchanges were set up in the year 1909 that would enable the unemployed people find jobs for themselves and earn their livelihood. In the year 1911 the National Insurance Act was passed which provided free health and medical facilities to the war victims. It would also provide a sick pay of 10 shillings to all the diseased people (Bhalla and Lapeyre 2016). Housing Policy One of the major post war consequences was housing problem. There were several people suffering from the lack of proper housing facilities. Hence, the State started taking measures to provide houses to the millions of homeless war victims (Bhalla and Lapeyre 2016). Once again when the State could arrange for sufficient funds and civil construction workers, it took proper steps to undertake the construction of houses. A new project called the New Towns project was undertaken that tried to solve this problem of the lack of affordable houses for the homeless people. However it did not provide sufficient amount of housing units As a result of this the conservatives wanted to make a change and constructed about 2.5million new housing units (McCrone and Stephens 2017). Pension policy The State took sufficient measures to improve the conditions of the pension holders. The State took efforts to increase the average pay in the pensions of the old people. Apart from this, they also tried to extend the average retirement age of the people. In the year 1908, the State made a law as per which the average age of retirement for the old and elderly people were extended till seventy years (Mishra 2014). Various governments have come into the position in UK at different time and they have major contribution in social welfare. As for example, Margaret Thatcher was the prime minister of UK in 1979 after winning the general election. She has taken educational policy to contribute more in the social welfare. She had focused on the controlling the unemployment. Tony Blair became the prime minister of UK in 1997. He has increased the public spending in health and education. This was the major policy of such leader. In order to reduce the poverty he has expanded the social welfare state. Implementation of the Adult basic skill achievement was an important policy of such leader. Next the David Cameron came into the prime minister position in the year 2010. He had introduced Health and Social Care Act 2012, which has a significant contribution in the social welfare state. He focused on providing the social housing support to the hard working people who are unable to manage shelter for them (M cCrone and Stephens 2017). Conclusion Thereby, it can be concluded that the post war period had left several people in a state of trauma. They were left homeless and jobless. There was a huge sea of poverty that engulfed down all the people one by one. Hence, it was during this period that the State started implementing several acts and policies in order to develop the conditions of these war victims. Efforts like proper health and medical facilities, educational facilities, housing facilities were being extended to the war victims. However over the years, the State has become corrupt and is unable to properly allocate their resources. As a result of this, the problem of poverty is remaining unchecked. So, the State has to become much more alert and state its priorities right and allocate their resources by keeping in mind the interests of the poor. References Andr, G. and Godin, M., 2014. Child labour, agency and family dynamics: The case of mining in Katanga (DRC).Childhood,21(2), pp.161-174. Bbc.co.uk. 2017.Impact of Liberal reforms. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/liberal/impact_lib/revision/1/ [Accessed 26 Dec. 2017]. Bbc.co.uk. 2017.Motives of Liberal reforms. [online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/higher/history/liberal/motives_lib/revision/1/ [Accessed 26 Dec. 2017]. Bertolini, P., Pisano, E., Sivini, S. and Scaramuzzi, S. 2017.POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN RURAL AREAS. [ebook] European Commission, pp.199-238. Available at: https://file:///C:/Users/user/Documents/rural_poverty_annex_it_en.pdf [Accessed 26 Dec. 2017]. Bhalla, A.S. and Lapeyre, F., 2016.Poverty and exclusion in a global world. Springer. Bhalla, A.S. and Lapeyre, F., 2016.Poverty and exclusion in a global world. Springer. Bochel, H., 2014.Social policy. Routledge. Bradshaw, J. ed., 2016.The Wellbeing of Children in the UK. Policy Press. Burrell, G. and Morgan, G., 2017.Sociological paradigms and organisational analysis: Elements of the sociology of corporate life. Routledge. Cohen, S., 2014.From immigration controls to welfare controls. Routledge. Dotter, C. and Klasen, S., 2017.The multidimensional poverty index: achievements, conceptual and empirical issues(No. 233). Courant Research Centre: Poverty, Equity and Growth-Discussion Papers. Jrf.org.uk. 2018.Policies towards poverty, inequality and exclusion since 1997. [online] Available at: https://www.jrf.org.uk/report/policies-towards-poverty-inequality-and-exclusion-1997 [Accessed 23 Jan. 2018]. Knotz, C. and Lindvall, J., 2015. Coalitions and compensation: The case of unemployment benefit duration.Comparative Political Studies,48(5), pp.586-615. McCrone, G. and Stephens, M., 2017.Housing policy in Britain and Europe. Routledge. Mishra, R., 2014.Welfare state capitalst society. Routledge. Szreter, S., Kinmonth, A.L., Kriznik, N.M. and Kelly, M., 2016. Health, welfare, and the statethe dangers of forgetting history. Townsend, P., 2014.International analysis poverty. Routledge.

The Imperative Threat of Fast Fashion

Question: Discuss about theImperative Threat of Fast Fashion. Answer: Introduction Consumer plays significant role in determining demand and sustainability of a particular product(Pookulangara, 2013). Consumer determines the demand of any product in the market in any industry and his role is essential in the way that a business progresses. Consumer behavior is a study of an individual or group of people tendency or choice and preferences to select and purchase any product from market. Analysis of ethics on consumer behavior has been gaining significant importance in recent times. Market expertise needs to analyse deeper understanding of the choice of consumer for better future prospect of product in terms of higher sales and long term profit. The scope of the following report deals in the analysis of the role of ethics in fast fashion that is played in consumer behavior(Beard, 2008). A literature review and analysis of relevant ethical issues in fast fashion in accordance to personal tastes, cultural and social impositions and other factors have been identified suc h that they can be molded to create a sustainable future for the fast fashion industry. Literature Review Survey of Consumer behavior is an essential marketing strategy regarding their feedback on a particular product especially fast fashion. Many theorist and market expertise have published reviews and prediction to understand the consumer nature for purchasing power and decision making. Consumer perception is taken as risk towards targeted profit but with thorough survey and analysis(Zarley Watson, 2013). By considering several factors such pertinent risks can greatly be reduced. Before launching a new product company spends money for campaigning through social sites, advertising and so on, on the basis of response for prior launch of product. Consumer is the king of market and they have full rights to select or reject a particular item as per their choice, priority, status, need, emotions, brand conscious, quality, satisfaction, ethics and many other reasons. The relevant factors attached to ethics in consumer behavior can be identified under two broad impacts economic and social(Husi c, 2009). The study of consumer behavior is utmost essential as much as profit target assumption before starting any business. Consumers choice after all is the base of any companys product demand, sale and sustainability. Every individual have personal preference, requirement of buying goods depending on their availability of resources like time, money and effort. Study has revealed that producing goods and services after analyzing the purchaser behavior has resulted in more profitability for the company(Amatulli, 2011). As per consumers thought process, attachment behavior needs and demand bad or good experience of brands used together forms a consumer behavior. Every individual born with distinct nature so as their choice and behavior as per psychology towards product too is unique. The way that companies are sourcing their products and providing finished goods to consumers is a matter of ethics especially in the fast fashion industry. Apparel industry accounts for almost 11% carbon footpri nts from world over. The material made out of fast fashion as nylon and polyester might be economically beneficial but cannot be biodegraded(Jang, 2012). This creates a major impact on sustainability of the future of the planet further; a greenhouse gas nitrous oxide is released from production of nylon. Now if we take perception view, it is totally a mind process, where people choose goods influenced by surrounding, review them and then apply personally. Risk factor that individual consider to buy product is either for innovation or total risk to try less important product. As per psychological factor and ongoing trend of brand awareness, brand name influence customers more than sometimes quality(Michon, 2008). Logo and personality effects directly to consumer eye for that particular product. Family tradition of using a particular product is at present influence buying decision of consumer study reveals, like from the beginning people of India tend to use a particular product of tooth paste like Colgate, still many families are still tend to buy same product. Advertisement power changes buyers choice where there is an ethical concern. Producers spends huge amount yearly to brand a product to achieve long term sustaining target. This effect of advertisement changes the behavior towar ds buying perception(Hustvedt, 2009). Motives behind shopping of products define the consumers wants and need of a product. Sometimes as per economic perspective view, consumers buy daily use products which are of less price compare to others. Attitudes towards life has increasingly changed in view of materialistic outlook. So people now draw more attention towards fashion. This has helped market to grow more extensively in fields of materialistic items than daily use like cosmetics, apparels. Income one of the most vital factor which force the consumer to buy few products against choice(Bhardwaj, 2010). With over 5.8 million people working in the apparel industry of which 82% constitutes women of which 97.8% does not receive a living wage. These employees are locked away in the vicious circle of poverty. While billions of people not having access to safe and clean water supplies over 4,800 gallons of water is consumed in manufacturing of jeans and t-shit. Market is gradually becoming globalized that choice and demands of consumers are changing daily depending on the exposure an individual are influenced. Purchase decision now depends more over due to hypes by media and surroundings(Gabrielli, 2013). Education too has a great impact on people buying tendency and choice for products. Technology like internet services helps the people to review products quality, use and production knowledge on which they decides to consume product favorable for their health and benefits. Attitude of an individual towards buying is predetermined before choosing a product which changes along with time and experiences while shopping and using of the same. Authors also have used Black box model to analysis the consumer behavior(Jin Gam, 2011). It is basically a term to know the behavior of an individual, adding up their characteristics, impact of market survey, social surroundings and so on from behavioral speculation. Analysis Consumer behavior is deeply analyzed by market survey by specialist in marketing. Market researcher considers not only most fundamental psychological factor but as well as many tools to recognize want and needs of products personally. Company hires marketing analyst to predict and target the present and future market demand for goods produced for long term goal(Birtwistle, 2007). Understanding consumer mind towards product is very difficult but not impossible, an internal consumer behavior it can be defined as what letting them to purchase products and services for daily living as per their monthly budget which depends on their status in fashion. Whereas external factor is psychology of how consumers reflect, sense, aim and choice between different alternatives of products, brands and retailers, surroundings, groups and friends a person is connected with. In case the companies are able to cater to the various influences and factors then they will be able to attain ethics within their organization and also sustainability. With rising awareness of consumers there is a greater need of ethical awareness amongst fast fashion companies. They need to change their ways in which the products are sourced. An alternative product that is biodegradable and causes less amounts of pollution needs to be created. Companies need to create fashionable products by use of cotton and other environmentally friendly and bio-degradable products. Such products will cause lesser environmental pollution and is easier to convince customers regarding the purchase of such types of products. Lower class people tends to buy only products of low cost to fulfill their daily needs, on other side middle class group behaves on purchase by considering needs, status, social influence(Anna Rickman, 2007). As someone was analyzing market to buy a phone of Zaara fast fashion, and he get influenced by friend or relatives or through social sites to buy an opposite instead of Zaara because of some technical issue faced. Study of consumers is very powerful gizmo and analyzing how consumers select their products, can find out internal view of their decision for choosing a product. As for example, UK being advanced country, has very less consumption of Cadbury due to how the producer of cocoa in Africa been treated badly and not been given a rights to earn profit, as a social factor they shift towards buying a Bourneville due to a law created especially for womens to grow the products in their land and which helps them to run families personally(McNeill, 2015). Companies in fast fashion industries also needs to develop products by paying a minimum of living wage to their employees such that they are able to maintain a standard of living and stay motivated to deliver results. Companies in fast fashion retain profits to themselves, however the greater part of the profit needs to be percolated down to the bottom for generating greater impacts on the environment and also on customers. With rise of ethical standards in living and in every domination such ethical ways will contribute in a large way in fast fashion domain. Influence of people has great impact on other consumers mind, for buying a product. Recent market is not a monopoly market, its a multi brand diversified platform for various companies. Social media is part of advertising and promotional strategy for selling a product in recent years after invention of smart applications like, WhatsApp, Hike, Twitter, Face book. Friends, relatives share the information for a product from their use and experience of a product and recommend buying the same. Promotion through media like newspaper, hoardings on street, television as well online advertisement these overall planning help to draw consumers attention survey(Shen, 2012). There has been greater discussions pertaining to ethics in the field of fast fashion that are increasingly getting discussed in social media. Psychological influence is a type of external influence. People desire to buy a product depending on their necessitate, choice and financial capability. Consumers need for any product k eeps changing as per time and need so its unpredictable. Social, friends and family gatherings also have the psychological effect on a purchasing decision. Its a type of adverting in a direct way, which changes the opinion of consumers(Joy, 2012). Choices between targeted products, its willingness to buy does changes with alternative brands with the survey and review and experienced share between friends and relatives. Hence, a brand that attends to ethical norms in fast fashion pays their workers well is more likely to woo its customers compared to a brand with no ethical concerns. As Fashion changes every day same way choices and demands too changes fast in todays globalized market(Bianchi, 2010). Culture has strong impact on consumer behavior, though it mainly differs by country and perspective towards choice of products changes once individual migrate to other country. People tend to buy goods as per value they inherited like habits, beliefs and ethics, religion, gender. The ethical consideration governing fast fashion business is immense as it is creating unsustainability norms everywhere. Recommendation and Conclusion Todays world market is very competitive, before it was Demand are more than supply but today scenario has changed now supply are more people use lots of marketing skills, study consumer behavior and sale their products according to people needs. Consumer Behavior is the key point for marketing of goods and services. Now there are lots of options opened for people to survey the market and particular product before buying. Gathering information by means of advertisement, social media, newspaper, friends, family, colleagues, and more over personal experience for a brand, that is post purchase evolution too helps the person for choosing product in future in terms of benefit, quality, and satisfaction. Companies as manufacturers should understand the globalization of market nature before selling a product in terms of internal, external, social, values, personality, attitude, perception class and so on to survey and analyse the consumer behavior. Manufacturers need to also attend to ethica l norms for creating an increasing impact of sustainability on their businesses. Companies and marketers need to focus on sustainability to create a larger impact and brand loyalty on their customers. Further incorporating in ethical concerns will lead to generating a positive impact on the environment and help gain long term customer association. Reference List Amatulli, C. . (2011). 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Fashion clothingwhere does it all end up?. International Journal of Retail Distribution Management, 210-216. Gabrielli, V. B. (2013). Consumption practices of fast fashion products: a consumer-based approach. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 206-224. Husic, M. . (2009). Luxury consumption factors. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: an international journal, 231-245. Hustvedt, G. . (2009). Consumer likelihood of purchasing organic cotton apparel: Influence of attitudes and self-identity. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 49-65. Jang, J. K. (2012). A study of a social content model for sustainable development in the fast fashion industry. . Journal of Global Fashion Marketing, 61-70. Jin Gam, H. (2011). Are fashion-conscious consumers more likely to adopt eco-friendly clothing?. . Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 178-193. Joy, A. S. (2012). Fast fashion, sustainability, and the ethical appeal of luxury brands. . s. Fashion Theory, 273-295. McNeill, L. . (2015). Sustainable fashion consumption and the fast fashion conundrum: fashionable consumers and attitudes to sustainability in clothing choice. . International Journal of Consumer Studies, 212-222. Michon, R. Y. (2008). The influence of mall environment on female fashion shoppers' value and behaviour. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 456-468. Pookulangara, S. . (2013). Slow fashion movement: Understanding consumer perceptionsAn exploratory study. Journal of retailing and consumer services, 200-206. Shen, B. W. (2012). The impact of ethical fashion on consumer purchase behavior. . Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 234-245. Zarley Watson, M. . (2013). An exploratory study of the decision processes of fast versus slow fashion consumers. . 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