Essay Biological Explanations of Criminal Behaviour

Crime theories are still in a development stage; it is an evolutionary process that continues to this day. Crime is still a complex and misunderstood phenomenon with no concrete evidence when it comes to human behavior. Throughout time there have been endless amounts of crime theories, few of which revolve around biological explanations. We have Cesare Lombroso and the Positive School who thought that criminals were genetically different from the rest of the general population, that they were biologically aggressive, had criminal traits and/or born as criminals. There is also William Sheldon’s theory of body types, called the somatotype theory, that argued the mesomorph body type to be the most prone to commit crime or deviant behavior.†¦show more content†¦Sheldon created the idea of the three different body types and concluded mesomorphs, the more muscular and athletic body type, is more prone to commit crime and deviant behavior. Although he did not take into cons ideration that many prisoners lift weights while in prison and that the more muscular individuals usually win the fight (Cartwright, 2012). The twin adoption studies were used by behavioral geneticists to identify genetic and environmental influences underlying human behavioral and physical variations. Although there were many detractors of the twin adoption studies themselves and their results. There were troubles finding subjects which lead to a reduced power of result and inconsistency of the methods used for the operation. In contemporary biological explanations there are still works appearing and being developed, such as, the role of DNA, nutrition, body chemistry and ecological factors in human behavior (Gado, 2004). Most of these are either still being developed, like DNA, or were discredited along with the works of Lombroso, like nutrition. Although biological explanations may not have made a momentous improvement since the 18th century, arguments within biological explanati ons have expanded. There are many theories that argue if human behavior is predetermined at birth, or learned by influences. Nature versus nurture,Show MoreRelatedThe Causes Of Deviant Behavior, Psychological Approach And Sociological Approach1676 Words   |  7 PagesDeviance is a kind of behaviour which is contrary to the dominant norms and values of society. In reality, there are many different theories to explain the causes of deviant behaviour, including biological approach, psychological approach and sociological approach. This essay will be using two criminological perspectives which are the biological and sociological explanations to analyse the causes of crime in depth, and evaluate the two perspectives and the related criminological evidence. SociologyRead MoreBiological Explanations of Criminal Behavior1430 Words   |  6 PagesBiological Explanations of Criminal Behavior Nature and nurture contribute to the way a person behaves. This can be applied to the behaviors of criminals. According to Fishbein (1990, pg.37), â€Å"behavior [is] primarily attributed to inherited predispositions and genetic influences.† Nurture is the environmental influence that shape human behavior (Fishbein, 1990, pg.37). Human genetics and environmental factors contribute to the uniqueness to a person’s behavior. However, there are underlyingRead More Social Norms1709 Words   |  7 Pagescan be described as adjacent to criminal and improper behaviour imposed by the people who break the social norms of a society. Thus, becoming subjective to a label of deviant. Deviants often have punishment bestowed upon them by authoritive figures such as the enforcers of law. There are many universal types of deviance throughout societys over the world such as alcoholism, addiction, mental illness and homosexuality. All of these may be a result of biological and socia l constructionist theoriesRead MoreIs Criminal Behaviour Inherited or Learned?1429 Words   |  6 Pagesin debate for centurys to explain criminal behaviour. The two main paradigms of thought are between nature and nurture. Nature is in reference to a learnt behaviour where a multitude of characteristics, in society influence whether a person becomes deviant such as poverty, physical abuse or neglect. Nurture defines biological features which could inevitability lead to a individuals deviant or criminal behaviour, because criminality is believed by biological positivist to be inherited from aRead MoreEssay on Factors Affecting the Complexity of Criminal Behavior1489 Words   |  6 Pagesany person could become a criminal. In considering this, the question ‘what makes a criminal a criminal’ will be discussed. Defining criminal behaviour is itself, difficult as it could be considered a wide range of behaviours from tasting fruit at the market to speeding to swearing at someone in frustration. Further to this discussion is a consideration of the roles that society and individuals have in defining and contributing to people engaging in criminal behaviours. There are a range of theoriesRead MoreThe Biological and Sociological Explanations of Crime1303 Words   |  5 Pageswill be aiming to accurately compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses of both the biological and sociological explanations of crime. Firstly, I will give a brief overview of what both the biological and sociological explanations of crime mean. I will then create a paragraph that explains the strengths and weaknesses of the theories within the biological explanation of crime; such as Lombroso’s ‘Criminal Man theory’ and Sheldon’s ‘body type’ theory Chromosome’ theory as they are relatively controversialRead MoreThe Nature And Nurture Debate : How The Four Areas Of Criminal Behavior?1605 Words   |  7 Pagesoldest debates in the history of psychology, questions whether or not criminal behaviour is a result of the nature of a person, meaning something that lies in their genes causing a person to act in a certain way, or nurture, the environment, therefore criminal behaviour as a result of a person’s life experiences (Sincero, 2012). This essay shall look in depth and answer to how the four areas of criminal behaviour, which are biological, sociological, psychological and environmental, as part of the natureRead MoreWhy do individuals commit crimes?1381 Words   |  6 Pageskinds have been persistent in analyzing criminals for an answer. The scholarly attention to crime from various perspectives has allowed for an extensive range of theories which are based on three broad theoretical approaches of explaining criminal behaviour. These theoretical approaches, which focus on the causes of crime and deviance in modern society, are the biological approach, psychological approach and the sociological ap proach. First, the Biological Theory believes that an individuals biologyRead MoreA Comparative Study On The Film The Minority Movie 1205 Words   |  5 Pagespreventive detainment actually warehousing criminals on the guise of future risky conduct. While a pre crime unit that tries individuals in light of violations they have not yet dedicated may require some far away and unimaginable innovation, pre emotive policing obviously as of now exists. Truth be told, computer calculations, which mine beginning and end from criminal information to climate examples, are as of now being effectively utilized to suspect and avoid criminal movement. Chief John Anderton’s situationRead MorePositivist Criminology And The German School Of Three Scholars : Cesare Lombroso, Enrico Ferri And Raffaele Garofalo Essay1235 Words   |  5 Pagesmaintained that criminality had multi-factor explanations. The explanation for criminality was seen as a non-social defect of individuals (Maguire, Morgan Reine r, 2002) and one of the early explanations of crime prioritised in positivism were biological causes (McLaughlin et al., 2003). Biological positivism, as the name suggests, implies that crime is caused by biological or physical characteristics, and criminals are viewed as being inferior biological beings (Bradley Walters, 2011). Muncie (2001)

Classified Information About Descriptive Essay Topics for University Students Only the Experts Know About

Classified Information About Descriptive Essay Topics for University Students Only the Experts Know About Going forward not only does this enhance my own writing, but additionally, it will give me a completely different perspective when reading different works. Style analysis gets so much easier when you're able to think like the writer. When it has to do with writing, you must be aware of the structure as it differs from the rest of the kinds of essay. Start by re-stressing the value of your thesis. No good paper can be finished without a superior draft. You should have accessibility to proper resources that will aid you to compose the essay with appropriate sense and structure. Finding out how to drive a vehicle. Having written the very first draft, it's important to revise your paper to give it an ideal look. Put simply, just what purpose do you want to express in your essay. Don't forget the kind of the question you're answering and don't begin introducing new topics merely to pad out your answer. To do a well-written excellent paper, it's necessary for you to comprehend your writing style to express the subject of your academic piece suitably. There are some essential rules when you're thinking of deciding on the subject. It's highly recommended that you just choose the topic that you're able to deal with, for instance, if you're not t sketching the personality characteristics then you ought to better not elect for it. It ought to be focused on your topic and ideas you're going to present. Prewriting In the prewriting phase, you want to brainstorm about this issue and the principal idea. The New Angle On Descriptive Essay Topics for University Students Just Released As a way to accomplish that task, using sensory details was necessary. To begin with, you should choose the topic from the descriptive speech topics you're going to be interested in. For a student in the center school the usual topics are associated with science and history. There are a few topics which are absolutely unseen and students find difficulty in locating the appropriate direction and method of information collection. What You Should Do to F ind Out About Descriptive Essay Topics for University Students Before You're Left Behind The essay is an amazingly intriguing task that's always different. It should be well-written and well balanced piece of writing. Ideally, an ideal essay ought to go via three or more unique drafts before submission. Expository essays are a breeze to write if you have sufficient inspiration on the chosen topic. Writing of the descriptive essay can be rather challenging. It always includes creative writing, even if the topic seems to be dull and boring at first glance. Descriptive essays might be difficult if you don't have any clue what to write about. Inside my experience, descriptive essays are only difficult in regards to deciding just what things to write about. Narrative essay is only a personal story, and most of us have no less than a few of these to tell. An individual must understand how to compose a graceful, clear and effectual essay because it's the simple portion of our academic. Essay my very best travel pal. The absolute most important part is your wisdom and comprehension. The main aim of description essay is to describe something, be it an individual, a circumstance or merely something you wish to tell people about. Whatever is of wonderful significance or value is known as an object. An individual must consider the purpose of listing in order to acquire the entire effect. My very first hackathon was quite an excellent experience, and I would advise anybody to try giving it a shot too! In addition, a customer may ask the writer to submit part of the job for review and, if needed, ask them to make corrections. It ought to be dependent on individual experience. You also ought to concentrate on your own experience and d ata.

Corporate Branding Singapore Airlines Limited

Question: Describe the term of Corporate Branding for Singapore Airlines Limited. Answer: Introduction: Singapore Airlines Limited is the flagship carrier of Singapore. Singapore Changi Airport is the heart of this airline. The airline has used the concept of a Singaporean girl as a unique strategy for its corporate branding.. Singapore Airlines operates in more than thirty-five countries across six continents and also flies in more than sixty destinations globally (Singaporeair.com 2016). It has a strong presence in the Southeast Asian region. Currently it has a total of one hundred eight aircrafts operating in the air (Singaporeair.com 2016). Singapore Airlines offers five classes of service, namely suits, first class, business class, premium economy class and economy class. The most attractive feature of the airline is the Suites. These suits are available on the Airbus A380 (Singaporeair.com 2016). The suit is pretty luxurious and comfortable than the other classes, thus making Singapore Airlines famous among the business travellers. It is one of those flights, which offer comfort for the passengers, excellent facilities and attentive individual service from the vastly trained personnel. The essay discusses about the company background and the services offered, it also finds out the business strategies of the Singapore Airlines Limited and the problems related to it. In the industry environment, Singapore Airlines has constantly outperformed its competitors. It has always accomplished extensive and superior returns compared to the industry. Singapore Airlines has achieved this exceptional performance by executing a dual strategy (Heracleous and Wirtz 2012). Singapore Airlines mainly focuses on the cost leadership and the strategy of differentiation. Cost leadership strategy: This strategy discusses the low cost producer of an industry for a given level of quality. The company tries to sell its goods either at the standard industry prices to earn a higher profit than its rivals or beneath the average industry prices to gain a great amount of market share (Stauss 2013). In the time of price discrimination, the company can sustain some profitability while the opposition suffers losses. Any Company, that succeed in cost leadership have the strengths of accessing the resources well. The recourses pays an important part during the investment of the company. Skills are necessary to plan the products for efficient manufacturing (Fan and Lingblad 2016). Singapore Airlines is one of those aircrafts which has shown that operational effectiveness and innovation can bring about a commercial business. The airline tries to manage the two main resources, namely planes and people. The airlines mostly invest in the business areas where the customers can be satisfied with its innovative offerings. This can also enhance the premium positioning of the airline. Singapore Airlines invests more than their competitor in significant areas. The company mostly focuses on the aircraft, training, employee satisfaction and more. New aircraft: SIA tries to replace its fleet more frequently than any other flights, as it reduces the maintenance cost and also improves the experience of the customers. Proper training: SIA tries to hire the best of people from the industry, and train them properly in order to retain them for a long time. Labour Cost: SIA offers more crew members in a flight than its rival, which helps them in a better customer experience. The flight offer more customized service to its customers. Innovation: The Company invests equally in fundamental and incremental innovation. Apart from these strategies, Singapore Airlines has gained a reputation for doings things very differently from its rivals. It was the first airline which used to serve free drinks along with the customers choice of meal to its guests (Fan and Lingblad 2016). Moreover, the food served was prepared by gourmet chefs. It was also one of those flights which introduced in flight entertainment system in few selected flights. It was the first airline, which used krisworld entertainment device (Heracleous and Wirtz 2014). The device is mainly a satellite based flight telephone, which made the journeys more enjoyable for the travellers. Singapore Airlines was the inventor of the most interesting live teletext information service and also an interactive in flight shopping service. Singapore Airlines has always observed its customers closely. Customer satisfaction is the main motto of the company (Fan and Lingblad 2016). It hired the best chefs of the industry to serve the best cuisine for its passengers. It also tries to satisfy every customer by introducing a special meal, which is healthier and lighter. To create an impression on the travellers the company tries to update the menu more frequently. The airline not only developed the in flight services but also improved the facility of the Changi airport with introducing some innovative technologies (Smit and Dula 2014). It was the first flight to introduce the wireless gatelink technology within the area of the airport, which can share numerous data among the aircraft, terminals, baggage handling, ground staff and other important areas (Heracleous and Wirtz 2014). It has increased the operational efficiency and also improved the performance. To motivate its employees, the company has introduced more than four training centres within the company. The company gives special attention to each of its employee to bring the best out of them. In turn, the employee learns the best of business and customer satisfaction. SIA published a range of departmental newsletters and monthly magazines to keep a track and performance of the employees. Differentiation strategy The strategy of differentiation discusses the progress of a product or facility, which offers exceptional attributes that are specially appreciated by the consumers. The consumers perceive the product they are using is better than the competitors. The firm might charge some premium price for the unique value added product or services (Rothaermel 2015). The unique attribute of the product helps the firm to charge a higher price which might cover all the extra costs incurred in the offerings. Differentiation strategy of a company requires a team that is highly skilled and creative, who can think innovatively. A well-maintained sales team is the strength of a company; the sales team has the capability to showcase the companys product in a unique way. The strategy also requires corporate reputation for quality and innovation. The two main points of differentiation includes service and low cost. These maintains the service levels in the course of the procedure of recruitment, strong training and a fit industrial culture. Moreover, the flights also maintain low costs through precise consistency, low maintenance cost, outsourcing of ticketing, payroll management and many more. The connection between the service and low cost of differentiation helps the company to move forward. SIA maintains a fleet comprising of comparatively new aircrafts. As a result, mechanical failures are very rare these flights (Baker 2013). This has aided in the timely arrival and departure of flights and has also limited the instances of cancellation of flights. The new planes are very fuel efficient. It also requires fewer repairs and the cost of maintenance of this aircrafts are also low. SIAs aircraft spends more time in the air rather than on the ground. Conclusion Singapore Airlines is doing a great job in the market against its competitors. However, the continuation in improvement is necessary in order to survive in this competitive and challenging market of airlines. The airline should also remain aware of the peripheral threats and opportunities. In command to deal with all the various forces of the business environment, the company needs to hire the best quality managers in various departments of the airlines. With customers become demanding, as they have become more price sensitive and want the best of services in minimum price, airlines businesses need to stress greatly on cost and differentiation . The company should maintain a proper operations strategy. Also the managers of the organisation should make sure the decisions which have been taken are supportive for the business strategy of the company. References Baker, D.M.A., 2013. Service quality and customer satisfaction in the airline industry: A comparison between legacy airlines and low-cost airlines. American Journal of Tourism Research, 2(1), pp.67-77. Chandra, A. and Lederman, M., 2015. Revisiting the Relationship between Competition and Price Discrimination in the Airline Industry. Rotman School of Management Working Paper, (2477719). Fan, T.P.C. and Lingblad, M., 2016. Thinking through the meteoric rise of Middle-East carriers from Singapore Airlines' vantage point. Journal of Air Transport Management, 54, pp.111-122. Heracleous, L. and Wirtz, J., 2012. Strategy and organisation at Singapore Airlines: achieving sustainable advantage through dual strategy. In Energy, Transport, the Environment (pp. 479-493). Springer London. Heracleous, L. and Wirtz, J., 2014. Singapore Airlines: Achieving sustainable advantage through mastering paradox. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, p.0021886314522323. Rothaermel, F.T., 2015. Strategic management. McGraw-Hill. Singaporeair.com. 2016. Welcome to Singapore Airlines | Official Website. [online] Available at: https://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/in/home [Accessed 18 Aug. 2016]. Smit, W. and Dula, C., 2014. Singapore Airlines Scoots into the Low-Cost Long-Haul Category. Stauss, B., 2013. Flying High in a Competitive Industry: Costà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ effective Service Excellence at Singapore Airlines. International Journal of Service Industry Management.

IRA Peace Settlement Essays - Politics Of Europe,

IRA Peace Settlement The Irish Republican Army, also known as the IRA, is a parliamentary and nationalist organization that opposes the connection of Northern Ireland to Great Britain. The IRA is also dedicated to the creation of a single unified Irish state. The name IRA derived from the veterans of the Easter Battles of 1916. The battle was fought for support of Irish independence. Accordingly the IRA became the political division of the Sinn Fein party. The political leaders of Britain and Ireland, negotiated a treaty that incorporated 26 of Ireland's counties as the Irish Free State. The remainder of Ireland, remained part of the United Kingdom. The Irish Republican Army began to decline after Eamon de Valera became a prime minister and took over the Irish government. The IRA and the Irish state were in constant conflict, during the 1930s and 1940s. The IRA started to concentrate on Northern Ireland in the 1950s. The IRA tried to gain favor from Northern Ireland, but failed. In 1969 the IRA started new radical social reforms in Northern Ireland, and the British government couldn't overcome them after a dozen years. This crisis also allowed the IRA to make a drastic comeback. The Irish Republican Army was split into two groups. The officials, which promoted a Socialist Ireland by democratic means, and provisionals, that promoted terrorism. In 1972 the Provisional IRA's terrorist tactics led to the downfall of the Northern Ireland government. From 1972 to 1994 the Provisional IRA maintained their campaign on terminating British victims in Northern Ireland and Britain. On August 31, 1994, the Irish Republican Army announced a cease-fire. This would affect the 25-year-old battle against British domination of Northern Ireland. This cease-fire came about from several years of confidential meetings between the IRA and the British government. This arrangement for peace is called the "Downing Street Declaration." The controversy between Northern Ireland and Britain began with Roman Catholic objections against favoritism by the protestant majority in the country. British troops were sent into Northern Ireland to patrol the country. They still remained there in 1994. The Catholic minority wanted a reunion with the Republic of Ireland, which was mainly Catholic. The Protestants of Northern Ireland resisted the reunification. The IRA gave no amount of time for the duration of the cease fire, nor did they surrender their weapons. There were two earlier cease-fires in 1972 and 1975, but they failed to last. Nationalists, supporters of the Irish Republican Army and others have grown tired of the Northern Ireland conflict, and celebrated the announcement of the cease-fire. The IRA has commanded its units to obey a complete halt of military actions. In the first public meeting between Gerry Adams (the leader of Sinn Fein), Albert Reynolds (the Irish Republic's prime minister), and John Hume (the leader of Northern Ireland's Catholic nationalist), the British government was not pleased with the stating of the cease-fire. The British government was warily optimistic about the conference. A political scandal led to the collapse of the Irish government in Dublin. Throughout the years, Dublin acted as a halfway house between the Irish, British and American governments. The prime minister Albert Reynolds was replaced by John Bruton. A terrorist, loyalist and Protestant militia called the Ulster Defense Association shot and killed a Catholic man. The loyalists work with the sympathetic Protestant officers in the Royal Ulster Constabulary. This proved that the IRA was not the only forceful group in the Northern Ireland crisis. The Protestant militia soon after the killing called a cease-fire. This group was responsible for more deaths than the IRA, in the two years before the cease-fire was called. Ian Paisley, a leader of the Ulster Unionist Party, protested that the IRA must surrender their arms before any contact between the IRA and the British government can proceed. Paisley also continued to disapprove the idea of representatives of Sinn Fein to take part in all the meetings dealing with the future of Northern Ireland. Gerry Adams and Britain negotiate over the matter of IRA disarmament. Adams argued that weapons of the British army and the Northern Irish police can be incorporated in the talks. The British government agreed to Adams request only if the cease-fire